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1.
Acta Paul. Enferm. (Online) ; 37: eAPE001262, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1533320

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a adesão e a qualidade da técnica de higiene das mãos realizada por profissionais de saúde nos momentos preconizados e identificar os fatores impactantes. Métodos Estudo observacional, com 41 profissionais de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto de um hospital de ensino brasileiro. A coleta de dados foi de setembro a dezembro de 2021, utilizando questionário sociodemográfico e formulário de observação da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos de análise binomial e modelo de regressão logística de efeitos mistos e adotou-se nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados Um total de 1.055 oportunidades de Higiene das Mãos foram observadas, a taxa de adesão foi de 23,98% e pode-se verificar que os profissionais não executaram a técnica preconizada. O teste binomial verificou maior adesão aos momentos "após" quando comparados aos momentos "antes" (p< 0,001) e foi constatado impacto negativo do uso de luvas (p< 0,001). O modelo logístico reforçou a maior adesão nos momentos "após". Ainda que a adesão esteja baixa entre todas as categorias profissionais, o modelo logístico demonstrou mais chances de higiene das mãos pelos enfermeiros. Conclusão A adesão à higiene das mãos foi consideravelmente baixa principalmente considerando a técnica adequada. Foi verificado impacto negativo do uso de luvas na adesão higiene das mãos. Os profissionais demonstraram maiores chances de aderirem a higiene das mãos nos momentos "após" quando comparados aos momentos "antes".


Resumen Objetivo Verificar la adhesión y la calidad de la técnica de higiene de manos realizada por profesionales de la salud en los momentos recomendados e identificar los factores impactantes. Métodos Estudio observacional con 41 profesionales de una unidad de cuidados intensivos adulta de un hospital universitario brasileño. La recopilación de datos se realizó de septiembre a diciembre de 2021, mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y un formulario de observación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas de análisis binominal y el modelo de regresión logística de efectos mixtos, y se adoptó un nivel de significación de 0,05. Resultados Se observó un total de 1.055 oportunidades de higiene de manos. El índice de adhesión fue del 23,98 % y se pudo verificar que los profesionales no ejecutan la técnica recomendada. La prueba binominal verificó una mayor adhesión en los momentos "después" comparado con los momentos "antes" (p<0,001) y se constató un impacto negativo del uso de guantes (p<0,001). El modelo logístico reforzó la mayor adhesión en los momentos "después". Aunque la adhesión sea baja en todas las categorías profesionales, el modelo logístico demostró mayor probabilidad de higiene de manos por parte de los enfermeros. Conclusión La adhesión a la higiene de manos fue considerablemente baja, sobre todo si se considera la técnica adecuada. Se verificó un impacto negativo del uso de guantes en la adhesión a la higiene de manos. Los profesionales demostraron mayores probabilidades de adhesión a la higiene de manos en los momentos "después" comparado con los momentos "antes".


Abstract Objective To verify adherence and quality of hand hygiene techniques performed by health professionals at recommended times and identify impacting factors. Methods This is an observational study, with 41 professionals from the Adult Intensive Care Unit of a Brazilian teaching hospital. Data collection took place from September to December 2021, using a sociodemographic questionnaire and observation form from the World Health Organization. Statistical tests of binomial analysis and mixed-effects logistic regression model were applied, and a significance level of 0.05 was adopted. Results A total of 1,055 hand hygiene opportunities were observed; the adherence rate was 23.98%; and it can be seen that professionals did not perform the recommended technique. The binomial test verified greater adherence to moments "after" when compared to moments "before" (p< 0.001) and a negative impact of using gloves was found (p< 0.001). The logistical model reinforced greater adherence in moments "after". Even though adherence is low among all professional categories, the logistical model demonstrated more chances of hand hygiene by nurses. Conclusion Adherence to hand hygiene was considerably low, especially considering the appropriate technique. A negative impact of using gloves on hand hygiene adherence was verified. Professionals demonstrated greater chances of adhering to hand hygiene in the moments "after" when compared to moments "before".

2.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 40(2): 213-219, abr.-jun. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, INS-PERU | ID: biblio-1509035

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de identificar un ecosistema de endemismo urbano que explique la persistencia del SARS-CoV-2 durante los primeros 18 meses de la pandemia en el municipio de Petrópolis, Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se analizaron los registros oficiales de casos mensuales de COVID-19, georreferenciados según el domicilio de residencia de cada caso confirmado y se elaboraron mapas de calor mensuales que identifican puntos con diferentes densidades espaciales de la enfermedad mediante la aplicación de la metodología de kernel. Se identificaron puntos de calor con cinco niveles de intensidad para la densidad espacial de casos. Los puntos de mayor intensidad, conocidos como «hotspots¼, se mantuvieron constantes durante todo el período en un polígono de aproximadamente 4 km2 ubicado en el centro de la ciudad de Petrópolis. En conclusión, se encontró que la mayor concentración de casos se mantuvo en la misma ubicación a lo largo del tiempo, a pesar de la dispersión esporádica de los casos en el territorio municipal.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify an ecosystem of urban endemism that explains the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 during the first 18 months of the pandemic in the municipality of Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We analyzed official records of monthly COVID-19 cases, georeferenced according to the residence address of each confirmed case. Monthly heat maps identifying points with different spatial densities of the disease were constructed by applying the kernel methodology. Heat spots with five intensity levels were identified for the spatial density of cases. The points of highest intensity, known as hotspots, remained constant throughout the period in a polygon of approximately 4 km2 located in the center of the city of Petrópolis. In conclusion, we found that the highest concentration of cases remained in the same location over time, despite the sporadic dispersion of cases within the municipal territory.


Subject(s)
Spatial Analysis , Ecoepidemiology , Disease Hotspot
3.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 57(5): 815-820, Sept.-Oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407711

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives The present study aims to characterize the spinal balance (SB) in young adults with Schmorl nodes (SN). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 47 young adults. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to divide the patients into an SN group and a control group. Standing full spine radiographs were used to compare the spinopelvic SB parameters between groups: sagittal vertical axis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). Results The LL and SS values were significantly lower in patients with SN when compared with the control group (54.5° versus 64.3°; 36.2° versus 41.4°, respectively). No significant differences were observed for the other parameters. Significant correlations were found in both groups between LL and SS; PI and PT; and PI and SS. Conclusions Young adults with SN have associated SB modifications, particularly lower LL and SS values, when compared with a control group. This flatter profile resembles that observed in patients with lower back pain and early disc pathology. We believe that SNs are relevant clinical findings that should prompt the study of the SB of a patient, as it may uncover variations associated with early disc degeneration. Level of Evidence III


Resumo Objetivos O presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar o equilíbrio sagital (SB, na sigla em inglês) espinhal em adultos jovens com nódulos de Schmorl (NS). Métodos Este é um estudo transversal de uma amostra composta por 47 adultos jovens. Ressonância magnética (RM) lombar foi usada para separar os pacientes em um grupo com NS e um grupo controle. Radiografias da coluna vertebral em pé foram usadas para comparar os parâmetros espinopélvicos do SB entre os grupos: eixo vertical sagital, cifose torácica, lordose lombar (LL), incidência pélvica (PI, na sigla em inglês), inclinação pélvica (PT, na sigla em inglês) e inclinação sacral (SS, na sigla em inglês). Resultados Os valores de LL e SS foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com NS em comparação com o grupo controle (54,5° versus 64,3°; 36,2° versus 41,4°, respectivamente). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos demais parâmetros. Os dois grupos apresentaram correlações significativas entre LL e SS, PI e PT e PI e SS. Conclusões Adultos jovens com NS apresentam modificações associadas ao SB, principalmente valores menores de LL e SS, em comparação com o grupo controle. Este perfil mais plano assemelha-se ao observado em pacientes com lombalgia e patologia discal em estágio inicial. Acreditamos que o NS seja um achado clínico relevante que deve levar ao estudo do SB de um paciente por poder revelar variações associadas aos primeiros estágios de degeneração discal. Nível de Evidência III


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Spinal Fusion , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Control Groups , Cross-Sectional Studies , Lordosis/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology
4.
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.) ; 44(3): 352-357, July-Sept. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405006

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Erythrocyte phenotyping is a very important test in the adoption of prophylactic measures to reduce transfusion reactions/alloimmunizations in polytransfused patients. The blood group Diego, in its current, form has 22 antigens, of which 4 are immunogenic, being Dia/Dib and Wra/Wrb, while the others are less expressive. The antigen Dia is of low incidence among whites and blacks, however, it is common in the South American indigenous and Asian Mongolian populations. It is also considered a system of clinical importance for its immunogenicity. Method: The present study aimed to carry out a retrospective and descriptive survey of the frequency of the Dia antigen in the blood donor population at the HEMOPA Foundation Coordinating Blood Center from 12/2018 to 1/2000. The data obtained were from the HEMOPA Foundation SBS Progress and SBS WEB Systems databases. Results: During this period, 941,744 blood bags were collected and, of these, 930 bags were phenotyped for the Dia antigen, of which 842 were negative and 88 (9.7%) positive. The research showed that, among the positive donors for the antigen Dia, 88.6% were brown, 3.4%, black and 8%, white. In the statistical analysis, the frequency observed was higher in browns. Conclusion: In the present investigation, we concluded that our region has a relatively higher frequency of the Dia antigen, when compared to the rest of Brazil, and it occurs more often in browns.


Subject(s)
Transfusion Reaction , Blood Group Antigens , Hemotherapy Service
5.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 34(2): 262-271, abr.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394918

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a síndrome do doente eutireóideo como fator prognóstico em pacientes na unidade de terapia intensiva, detectar fatores que possam influenciar a mortalidade e desenvolver uma equação para calcular a probabilidade de morte. Métodos: Este foi um estudo de coorte longitudinal, observacional e não concorrente realizado na unidade de terapia intensiva da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. Realizou-se coleta de 20mL de sangue em 100 adultos sem endocrinopatia previamente documentada para a dosagem do hormônio estimulante da tireoide, da tetraiodotironina livre, da tri-iodotironina livre e da tri-iodotironina reversa. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino, com idades entre 20 e 29 anos. A maioria dos pacientes que morreram era mais velha (idade mediana de 48 anos), e 97,5% deles possuíam a síndrome do doente eutireóideo. A síndrome do doente eutireóideo esteve relacionada à morte, às comorbidades, à idade e ao tempo de internação (mediana de 7,5 dias) na unidade de terapia intensiva. A baixa dosagem de hormônio estimulante da tireoide estava associada à morte. Os pacientes com dosagem da tri-iodotironina livre menor que 2,9pg/mL tinham maior probabilidade de morrer e, naqueles que morreram, a dosagem de tri-iodotironina reversa era maior que 0,2ng/mL. A tri-iodotironina livre apresentou maior sensibilidade e acurácia, e a tri-iodotironina reversa teve maior especificidade para prever a mortalidade. Com base nos resultados e pontos de corte, desenvolveu-se uma fórmula de regressão logística múltipla para calcular a probabilidade de morte. Conclusão: Sugere-se verificar oportunamente a dosagem da triiodotironina livre e reversa em pacientes graves e aplicar a equação proposta.


ABSTRACT Objective: To assess euthyroid sick syndrome as a prognostic factor in patients in the intensive care unit; to detect factors that may affect mortality; and to develop an equation to calculate death probability. Methods: This was a longitudinal, observational, nonconcurrent cohort study developed in the intensive care unit of Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. One hundred adults with no prior documented endocrinopathy were submitted to a 20mL blood sample collection for the measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone, free tetraiodothyronine, free triiodothyronine and reverse triiodothyronine. Results: Most patients were female, aged 20 to 29 years. Most patients who died were older (median age of 48 years), and euthyroid sick syndrome was present in 97.5% of them. Euthyroid sick syndrome was related to death, comorbidities, age and length of stay in the intensive care unit (median of 7.5 days). There was an association between lower thyroid stimulating hormone and death. Patients with free triiodothyronine levels below 2.9pg/mL were more likely to die; reverse triiodothyronine rates were above 0.2ng/mL in those who died. Free triiodothyronine had greater sensitivity and accuracy, and reverse triiodothyronine had greater specificity to predict mortality. Based on the results and cutoff points, a multiple logistic regression formula was developed to calculate the probability of death. Conclusion: The main limitation of this study is the fact that it was conducted in a reference hospital for maternal and child care; therefore, there was a greater number of female patients and, consequently, a sampling bias existed. However, opportune measurement of free and reverse triiodothyronine levels in critical patients and application of the proposed equation are suggested.

6.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 44(2): 136-146, Apr. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374581

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the adherence to a set of evidence-based recommendations to support mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Methods: A team of health workers and researchers prepared the recommendations, formatted into three volumes (1: COVID-19 prevention; 2: Healthy habits; 3: Biological clock and sleep). Participants were randomized to receive only Volume 1 (control), Volumes 1 and 2, Volumes 1 and 3, or all volumes. We used a convenience sample of Portuguese-speaking participants over age 18 years. An online survey consisting of sociodemographic and behavioral questionnaires and mental health instruments (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]) was administered. At 14 and 28 days later, participants were invited to complete follow-up surveys, which also included questions regarding adherence to the recommendations. A total of 409 participants completed the study - mostly young adult women holding university degrees. Results: The set of recommendations contained in Volumes 2 and 3 was effective in protecting mental health, as suggested by significant associations of adherence with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (reflecting anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively). Conclusion: The recommendations developed in this study could be useful to prevent negative mental health effects in the context of the pandemic and beyond.

8.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 20: eAO6648, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375345

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the level of body dissatisfaction among undergraduate medical students in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study with 232 volunteers of both sexes at a private college. The Body Shape Questionnaire was used, which is a tool based on the sum of values that allow classifying body dissatisfaction according to the following scores: less than 111, if absence of body dissatisfaction; between 111 and 138, if mild body dissatisfaction; between 139 and 167, if moderate body dissatisfaction, and from 168, if severe body dissatisfaction. In addition, the self-reported body mass index and an assertion were used to assess the degree and perception (insight) of body dissatisfaction. For the statistical analysis, descriptive comparison, and binary logistic regression tests were performed. Results The mean result of the Body Shape Questionnaire among women was 96.0±34.1 and among men, 76.7±24.7, with 26.3% of students with some level of dissatisfaction with self-image. Most participants (76.3%) wished to have a body mass index lower than the real one. Women (odds ratio of 5.7), overweight individuals (odds ratio of 6.1), and individuals with insight into their condition (odds ratio of 89.7) were more likely to be dissatisfied with the body image measured by the Body Shape Questionnaire. Conclusion The search for a thin body among undergraduate medical students is a reality. In addition to overweight individuals, the female population has a significant level of body distortion, being recognized as the highest rate of body dissatisfaction in the sample surveyed.

9.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 75(1): e20201290, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1341029

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze factors associated with presenteeism in nursing workers with sociodemographic variables, health and work conditions, productivity and musculoskeletal symptoms. Methods: this is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, with 306 nursing workers from a hospital and municipal emergency room in a Brazilian capital. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale, the Work Limitations Questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire on nursing professionals' working conditions and health were used. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed, respecting a significance level of 5%. Results: presenteeism was found in 43.8% of professionals and significant associations with CLT work (p=0.002), workplace - Intensive Care Units (p=0.008), physical exercise twice a week (p=0.008), presence of musculoskeletal symptoms, with low back pain being representative (p=0.001). The productivity loss was 8.8. Conclusions: the study confirms a high rate of presenteeism among nursing workers.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar factores asociados al presentismo en trabajadores de enfermería con variables sociodemográficas, condiciones de salud y trabajo, productividad y síntomas musculoesqueléticos. Métodos: estudio transversal, descriptivo y analítico, con 306 trabajadores de enfermería de un hospital y urgencias municipales de una capital brasileña. Se utilizo el Stanford Presenteeism Scale, el Work Limitations Questionnaire, el Cuestionario Nórdico Musculoesquelético y un cuestionario demográfico sobre las condiciones laborales y de salud de los profesionales de enfermería. Realizaron análisis bivariados y multivariados, respetando un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: se encontró presentismo en el 43,8% de los profesionales y asociaciones significativas con el régimen de trabajo celetista (p=0,002), lugar de trabajo - Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (p=0,008), ejercicio físico dos veces por semana (p=0,008), presencia de musculoesquelético síntomas, siendo la lumbalgia representativa (p=0,001). La pérdida de productividad fue de 8.8. Conclusiones: el estudio confirma una alta tasa de presentismo entre los trabajadores de enfermería.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar fatores associados ao presenteísmo em trabalhadores de enfermagem com variáveis sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e trabalho, produtividade e sintomas osteomusculares. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, com 306 trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital e pronto-socorro municipal de uma capital brasileira. Utilizaram-se o Stanford Presenteeism Scale, o Work Limitations Questionnaire, o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e um questionário demográfico de condições de trabalho e saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem. Realizaram análises bivariadas e multivariadas, respeitando um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: o presenteísmo foi constatado em 43,8% dos profissionais e associações significativas com o regime de trabalho celetista (p=0,002), local de trabalho - Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (p=0,008), prática de exercícios físicos 2 vezes por semana (p=0,008), presença de sintomas osteomusculares, sendo a dor lombar representativa (p=0,001). A perda de produtividade foi de 8,8. Conclus ões : o estudo confirma alto índice de presenteísmo entre trabalhadores de enfermagem.

10.
Motriz (Online) ; 28: e10220014621, 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394477

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: Motor learning is considered a complex process, providing numerous investigations. Knowledge of Results (KR), a kind of extrinsic feedback, is one of the variables that are used for investigations on motor learning. There are different ways to provide KR to optimize motor learning. The bandwidth KR is one of these forms, being a factor that affects motor learning, however, the specificity of the task needs to be considered in the investigation of this theme. Thus, the objective of the study is to analyze the bandwidth of KR in the acquisition of motor skills of the overhand serve in volleyball. Methods: The sample consisted of 24 volunteers of both sexes (12 men and 12 women), 18 to 35 years of age (M = 27, SD = 3.46) and inexperienced in the task. The effect of the bandwidth was analyzed in two groups (with range and without range), in which the volunteers had to learn to control their force by performing the volleyball tennis type service in order to hit a target line. Performance was inferred by the mean and standard deviation of absolute, constant and variable errors. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups and the volunteers improved both the precision (absolute error and constant error) and in the consistency (variable error) during the acquisition. There was an improvement in the groups also in the transfer test in the precision measures. Conclusion: The variable bandwidth is similar to a control condition in which the volunteers have information at each attempt, causing dependence on external information.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Muscle Strength , Volleyball , Knowledge of Results, Psychological , Motor Skills
11.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 32: 32205, 2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390994

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Displasia broncopulmonar (DBP) é uma grave complicação entre pré-termos, com incidência inversamente proporcional à idade gestacional. Resulta de processo inflamatório com desenvolvimento pulmonar anormal, gerando graves consequências. Apesar de serem limitadas e não afetarem substancialmente a evolução da doença, as opções terapêuticas para prevenção e tratamento da DBP são importantes, porém carecem de melhor elucidação. Objetivos: Abordar aspectos recentes da literatura quanto à prevenção e tratamento da DBP. Métodos: Revisão de literatura na base de dados MEDLINE, em 2021, incluindo ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados, realizados em humanos e nos últimos 5 anos, excluindo estudos não diretamente relacionados ao tema. Resultados: A incidência de DBP foi menor naqueles casos leves expostos à budesonida inalatória, óleo de peixe intravenoso contendo emulsão lipídica (OP) e ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA). Houve aumento da sobrevida com uso de hidrocortisona em baixas doses, dexametasona com redução gradual da dose, por 42 dias, e dexametasona associada a corticosteroides pós-natais (este ainda com redução dos prejuízos no neurodesenvolvimento). Hidrocortisona, dexametasona, dipropianato de hidrofluoalcano-beclometasona inalado e OP reduziram o tempo ou a necessidade de ventilação e oxigenoterapia. A mortalidade foi menor nos estudos envolvendo hidrocortisona e elevada no que avaliou budesonida. As principais complicações foram sepse, retinopatia, hemorragia intraventricular e enterocolite necrosante, nos estudos abordando DHA, hidrocortisona, dexametasona e óxido nítrico inalado. Conclusão: Abordagens terapêuticas satisfatórias foram os glicocorticoides associado à terapia ventilatória e à abordagem precoce. Não houve benefícios com uso de ventilação com insuflações sustentadas, administração de dipropionato de hidrofluoralcano-beclometasona inalada e DHA.


Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complication among preterms, with an incidence inversely proportional to gestational age. It results from an inflammatory process that causes abnormal lung development, with severe consequences. Although therapeutic options are limited and do not substantially strike the course of the disease, they are important tools and need further elucidation. Purpose: Address the most recent aspects of the literature regarding the prevention and treatment of BPD. Methods: A literature review was carried out in the MEDLINE database, in 2021, in which only controlled and randomized clinical studies performed in humans in the last 5 years were included. Studies that were not directly related to the theme were excluded. Results: The incidence of BPD was lower in those cases exposed to inhaled budesonide, intravenous fish oil containing lipid emulsion (FO) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). There was improvement in survival with a lowdose use of hydrocortisone, dexamethasone with gradual dose reduction, and dexamethasone associated with postnatal corticosteroids (which generated reduction in neurodevelopmental impairments as well). Hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, inhaled hydrofluoalkane-beclomethasone dipropynate and FO reduced the time or need for ventilation and oxygen therapy. The main complications were sepsis, retinopathy, intraventricular hemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis in studies that addressed DHA, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone and inhaled nitric oxide. Conclusion: The therapeutic approaches that proved to be conclusive were the use of glucocorticoids associated with ventilatory therapy and an early approach. No benefits were found with the use of ventilation with sustained inflation, administration of inhaled hydrofluoralkane-beclomethasone dipropionate and DHA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/therapy , Pneumonia , Infant, Premature , Beclomethasone , Glucocorticoids
12.
Goiânia; SES-GO; 2022. 1-132 p. ilus, graf, tab, fotos.(Gestão e inovação em tempos de pandemia: um relato de experiência à frente da SES-GO, 1).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1400208

ABSTRACT

Este e-book tem como objetivo trazer um compêndio de relatos de experiência relacionados à gestão de saúde do Estado de Goiás. Cada capítulo traz a descrição dos projetos desenvolvidos no âmbito da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Goiás, que são vinculados aos objetivos estratégicos do órgão. Estes projetos têm como objetivo fortalecer as ações estratégicas para otimizar o planejamento do Sistema Único de Saúde


This e-book aims to bring a compendium of experience reports related to health management in the State of Goiás. Each chapter brings a description of the projects developed within the scope of the State Department of Health of Goiás, which are linked to the strategic objectives of the agency. These projects aim to strengthen strategic actions to optimize the planning of the Unified Health System


Subject(s)
Health Management , Public Health Administration , State Health Plans , Health Programs and Plans , Social Control Policies , Health Services Administration , Crew Resource Management, Healthcare , Health Policy
13.
Rev. baiana saúde pública ; 45(4): 64-80, 20211212.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1414860

ABSTRACT

O comportamento suicida tem sido conceitualizado como um contínuo de pensamentos e comportamentos desde a ideação até o suicídio em si. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao comportamento suicida e o nível de ansiedade entre usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Trata-se de um estudo observacional e transversal realizado entre julho e setembro de 2019 com 188 usuários adultos de um CAPS em Lagarto, Sergipe. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck e a Escala de Avaliação do Risco de Suicídio de Columbia. Os resultados mostraram que, durante a vida, a prevalência de ideação suicida foi de 52,7% e de tentativas efetivas de suicídio, 31,8%, sendo maior entre pessoas com renda familiar menor que um salário mínimo (RP: 1,36, IC 95%: 1,07-1,56; RP: 1,97, IC 95%: 1,19-2,70, respectivamente). Com relação à ansiedade, 27,7% apresentaram ansiedade moderada e 21,8%, severa. A ansiedade severa e a tentativa efetiva de suicídio foram mais prevalentes no sexo feminino (RP: 2,70, IC 95%: 1,23-2,83; RP: 1,74, IC 95%: 1,23-1,84, respectivamente). A tentativa efetiva de suicídio se mostrou associada à ansiedade severa (RP: 2,99, IC 95%: 2,08-5,19). Foram encontradas prevalências elevadas e inter-relações da ideação suicida, tentativa efetiva de suicídio e ansiedade severa entre os usuários, com influência do sexo e renda familiar.


Suicidal behavior has been conceptualized as a continuum of thoughts and behaviors from ideation to suicide itself. This article aimed to analyze the prevalence and the factors associated with suicidal behavior and the level of anxiety among users of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS). This is an observational and cross-sectional study conducted between July and September 2019 with 188 adult users of a CAPS in Lagarto, Sergipe. The Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale were used. The results showed that, during life, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 52.7% and suicide rates, 31.8%, being higher among people who had a family income lower than a minimum wage (PR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.07-1.56; PR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.19-2.70, respectively). Regarding anxiety, 27.7% moderate anxiety and 21.8%, severe. Severe anxiety and effective suicide attempt were more prevalent in females (PR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.23-2.83; PR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.23-1.84, respectively). Effective suicide attempt is associated with severe anxiety (PR: 2.99, 95% CI: 2.08-5.19). High prevalence and interrelations of suicidal ideation, effective suicide attempt, and severe anxiety among users were found, with the influence of gender and family income.


El comportamiento suicida se ha conceptualizado como un continuo de pensamientos y comportamientos desde la ideación hasta el suicidio mismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la conducta suicida y el nivel de ansiedad entre los usuarios de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS). Se trata de un estudio observacional y transversal realizado entre julio y septiembre de 2019 con 188 usuarios adultos de un CAPS en Lagarto, Sergipe. Se utilizaron el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck y la Escala de Evaluación del Riesgo de Suicidio de Columbia. Los resultados indujeron que, durante la vida, la prevalencia de ideación suicida fue del 52,7% y las tasas de suicidio del 31,8%, siendo mayor entre quienes tenían un ingreso familiar inferior al salario mínimo (RP: 1,36, IC 95%: 1,07-1,56; RP: 1,97, IC del 95%: 1,19-2,70, respectivamente). En cuanto a la ansiedad, el 27,7% presentó ansiedad moderada y el 21,8% severa. La ansiedad severa y el intento de suicidio efectivo fueron mayores en las mujeres (RP: 2,70; IC del 95%: 1,23-2,83; RP: 1,74; IC del 95%: 1,23-1,84, respectivamente). El intento de suicidio efectivo se asocia con la ansiedad severa (PR: 2,99; IC del 95%: 2,08 a 5,19). Se evidenció alta prevalencia e interrelaciones de ideación suicida, intento de suicidio efectivo y ansiedad severa entre los usuarios, con influencia del género y los ingresos familiares.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , Self-Injurious Behavior , Suicidal Ideation
16.
Eng. sanit. ambient ; 26(3): 545-555, maio-jun. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286317

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new computational tool called NH SEDIMENT AND STATISTIC which performs hydrosedimentological and statistical calculations using Visual Basic. This computational tool was developed for studies related to calculations of sediment transport in rivers. The tool includes hydrosedimentological methods for calculating suspension loads, bed loads, and total solid discharge. In addition, it provides the user with the possibility of performing statistical tests such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, F test and χ2 test of variance, Student's t-test, non-parametric Wilcoxon test, and statistical parameter calculations. The NH SEDIMENT AND STATISTIC automatically calculates and provides the main results for each of the methods, allowing the user to draw their own conclusions. This proposed computational tool supports hydrosedimentological studies, and is reliable and easy to use, contributing to the reduction of sediment-related problems in the areas of hydraulic engineering, geology, and soil and water conservation. Furthermore, this tool may be used in transdisciplinary scientific areas for complete planning and management of water resources.


RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma nova ferramenta computacional chamada NH SEDIMENT AND STATISTIC, que realiza cálculos hidrossedimentológicos e estatísticos usando o Visual Basic. Essa ferramenta computacional foi desenvolvida para estudos relacionados a cálculos de transporte de sedimentos em rios. A ferramenta inclui métodos hidrossedimentológicos para calcular cargas de suspensão, cargas de leito e descarga total de sólidos. Além disso, fornece ao usuário a possibilidade de realizar testes estatísticos, como o teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste F e teste de variância do χ2, teste T de Student, teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon e cálculos estatísticos de parâmetros. O NH SEDIMENT AND STATISTIC calcula e fornece automaticamente os principais resultados para cada um dos métodos, permitindo que o usuário tire suas próprias conclusões. Essa ferramenta computacional proposta suporta estudos hidrossedimentológicos e é confiável e fácil de usar, contribuindo para a redução de problemas relacionados a sedimentos nas áreas de engenharia hidráulica, geologia, conservação de solo e água. Além disso, essa ferramenta pode ser usada em áreas científicas transdisciplinares para um planejamento e gerenciamento completos dos recursos hídricos.

17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 140-142, Mar.-Apr. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280115

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This report aims to describe the effectiveness of a unilateral intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®) used for the treatment of cystoid macular edema in a patient with recurrent intermediate uveitis. Bearing in mind the adverse effects of the prolonged use of systemic corticosteroids, the objective here was to provide a less damaging form of intervention, and also to demonstrate the safety of the dexamethasone implant for patients who fail to respond to conventional treatment. In the present case, there was bilateral improvement in retinal anatomy and function with use of the unilateral intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®).


RESUMO Neste estudo, o objetivo foi descrever, a partir de um relato de caso, a eficácia do uso de implante de dexametasona intravítrea (Ozurdex®) unilateral, para o tratamento de edema macular cistoide, em um paciente com quadro de uveíte intermediária recorrente, visando uma terapêutica menos lesiva, diante dos efeitos colaterais do uso prolongado de corticoesteroides sistêmicos, demonstrando também a segurança desse tratamento alternativo para aqueles pacientes que se apresentam refratários a terapêutica tradicional. No caso relatado, vale ressaltar a melhora bilateral da anatomia e função retiniana com o implante unilateral de dexametasona intravítrea (Ozurdex®).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Uveitis, Intermediate/complications , Macular Edema/etiology , Macular Edema/drug therapy , Visual Acuity , Uveitis, Intermediate/diagnosis , Macular Edema/diagnosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Drug Implants/administration & dosage , Intravitreal Injections
18.
Rev. bras. promoç. saúde (Impr.) ; 34: 1-10, 17/02/2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1291600

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Relatar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico epidemiológico de idosos portadores de tuberculose (TB) em uma capital do Norte do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, de caráter descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado em 2018, no município de Belém, Pará, Brasil, constituído por todos os casos novos de idosos com TB (n=1.134) notificados e confirmados ao Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), no período de 2011 a 2015. Utilizou-se o teste quiquadrado de Pearson (x²) associando-se variáveis nominais (idade, sexo, escolaridade, zona de residência e resultado de baciloscopia, forma clínica da doença, tipo de encerramento do caso e os agravos da doença), adotando-se o valor de p<0,05. As variáveis com frequências menores que 5, com as quais não foi possível realizar o teste χ2, ocorreram pelo teste G. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos era do sexo masculino (n=684; 60,32%), na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos (n=643; 56,70%), com baixa escolaridade (n=499; 44,08%) e residentes em zona urbana (n=1122; 99,12%). Predominaram a forma clínica pulmonar (n=986; 86,95%), a cura (n=783; 73,73%) e o diabetes mellitus (n=269; 23,72%) como comorbidade mais frequente. Houve resultado positivo para baciloscopia (n=693; 61,11%) e os de controle negativaram (n=352; 40,14%) no 1º mês de tratamento. Conclusão: A suspeitade TB em idosos tem fator decisivo para o diagnóstico devido à baixa presença e especificidade das características clínicas dos quadros de TB nessa população.


Objective: To report the clinical and epidemiological profile of older patients with tuberculosis (TB) in a capital city in Northern Brazil. Methods: A quantitative retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 2018 in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil, with all new cases of older adults with TB reported and confirmed in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação ­ SINAN) from 2011 to 2015. Pearson's chi-squared test (x²) was used to check for associations between nominal variables (age, sex, education, area of residence and sputum smear microscopy testersults, clinical form of the disease, type of case closure and the complications of the disease), with a value of p<0.05. Variables with frequencies lower than 5, where it was not possible to perform the χ2 Test, were analyzed using the G test. Results: Most of the older adults were male (n=684; 60.32%), in the age range 60 to 69 years (n=643; 56.70%), had low education (n=499; 44.08%), and lived in urban areas (n=1122; 99.12%). There was a predominance of pulmonary clinical form (n=986; 86.95%),cure (n=783; 73.73%), and Diabetes Mellitus (n=269; 23.72%) as the most frequent comorbidity. There was a positive result for sputum smear microscopy (n=693; 61.11%) and controls were negative (n=352; 40.14%) in the first month of treatment. Conclusion: Suspicion of TB in older adults is a decisive factor for the diagnosis due to the low presence and specificity of the clinical characteristics of TB cases in this population group.


Objetivo: Relatar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico epidemiológico de mayores portadores de tuberculosis (TB) de una capital del Norte de Brasil. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de carácter descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo realizado en 2018 en el municipio de Belém, Pará, Brasil, constituido por todos los casos nuevos de mayores con TB (n=1.134) que han sido notificados y confirmados en el Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación (SINAN) en el periodo entre 2011 y 2015. Se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson (x²) asociándose las variables nominales (edad, sexo, escolaridad, zona de vivienda y resultado de la baciloscopia, forma clínica de la enfermedad, tipo de cierre del caso y los agravios de la enfermedad) con el valor de p<0,05. Las variables con las frecuencias por debajo de 5 con las cuales no ha sido posible realizar la prueba χ2, se dieron por la prueba G. Resultados: La mayoría de los mayores era del sexo masculino (n=684;60,32%), en la franja de edad entre los 60 y 69 años (n=643; 56,70%), con baja escolaridad (n=499;44,08%) y que vivían en la zona urbana (n=1122; 99,12%).El predominio ha sido de la forma clínica pulmonar (n=986;86,95%), la cura (n=783; 73,73%) y la diabetes mellitus (n=269;23,72%) como comorbilidad más frecuente. Hubo un resultado positivo para la baciloscopia (n=693; 61,11%) y negativo para los individuos del grupo control (n=352;40,14%) en el primer mes de tratamiento. Conclusión: La sospecha de TB en mayores tiene el factor decisivo para el diagnóstico debido la baja presencia y especificidad de las características clínicas de los cuadros de TB para esa población.


Subject(s)
Tuberculosis , Aged , Public Health , Epidemiology
20.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 35: e071, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1339460

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study investigated the factors associated with new carious lesions in one-to five-year-old children with developmental disabilities. This was a retrospective cohort that evaluated 64 dental charts of individuals with caries or fillings in their first dental appointment. The dependent variable was the occurrence of a new carious lesion or restoration. Gender, age, mother's education, sugar consumption, oral hygiene, mouth breathing, reports of xerostomia, gingival status, use of psychotropic drugs, use of asthma drugs, history of asthma, bronchitis, reflux or seizures and having at least one sibling were covariates. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the raw and adjusted hazard ratios with their respective 95% confidence interval. The average time that individuals remained free of dental caries/restoration was 79.49 months (95%CI: 64.37 to 92.61). Increase in sucrose consumption increased the rate of caries recurrence (HR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.04 to 1.30). Individuals who had poor oral hygiene had higher rate of new dental caries (HR = 3.88; 95%CI: 1.22 to 12.37) compared to those with good oral hygiene. The presence of mouth breathing decreased the rate of recurrence of the disease when compared to the nasal breathing (HR = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.15 to 0.70). Oral health-related behaviors and nasal respiration influenced the rate of dental caries recurrence in individuals with developmental disabilities.

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